Tag: High-Intermediate

Determiners: both, either … or, neither … nor

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1. We use both to refer to two things, people, or animals together.

  • We can use both + noun

I like both coffee and tea. (I like coffee and I like tea)

Both those women are my friends. (Those two women are my friends)

  • We can use both of + an object pronoun

We both dislike soccer. (subject pronoun + both) or

Both of us dislike soccer. (both + of + object pronoun)

2. We use either …. or … to talk about a choice between two options.

(+) verb + either … or …

Every year I travel either to New York or Paris on Christmas holidays.

3. We use neither … nor … to talk about two things that are not possible.

(-) verb + neither … nor …

Last year I couldn’t go neither to New York nor Paris on New Year due to the pandemics.

4. We can we use either … or …/ neither … or … at the beginning of a sentence. In those cases we can use both singular verbs or plural verbs.

  • If both elements that go after either/neither and or/nor are singular, we use a singular verb.

Either my sister or my mom is going to cook dinner for Christmas.

Neither Alicia nor her daughter speaks English.

  • If the element that goes after or/nor is plural, we use a plural verb.

Either my manager or my colleagues are going to help me with the project.

Neither the teacher nor her students are going to go to the school party.

More examples:
Time to practice
https://wordwall.net/resource/31720756/esl/both-neithernor-eitheror

Quantifiers: all, most, every, and each

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1.We use all + noun or all of the + a plural or uncountable noun

all = in general

all (of) the = specific

All animals need food.

All of the animals in the safari are dangerous.

2. We use everybody or everything + singular verb

everybody = all people

everything = all things

Everybody is in the classroom.

Everything in this store is so expensive.

3. We use most to say the majority

most = general

most of = specific

Most Canadians speak English.

Some Canadians Speak English and French

Most of the students in this class are from Brazil.

4. We often use all of or most of + object pronoun

All of us are excited for the trip.

Most of them look sad.

5. Use every + singular countable noun to mean “all of a group”. It emphasizes on the complete group.

Every classroom in this school has a projector.

6. We use each to express the idea of ‘one by one’. It emphasizes individuality.

Each employee has a coffee maker in their offices.

More examples:
Time to practice
https://wordwall.net/resource/10394676

Clauses of Purpose

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To, in order to , as to, for, and so that are words that help us talk about purposes or goals clearly and fluently.

Time to practice

The best way to improve your English is by practicing. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. Remember that practice makes progress.

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Past Modal Verbs

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Modal verbs or modals are special words that give extra meaning to verbs. They go before the main verb.

Examples of modal verbs: can, will, should, must, may, might, have to, used to, etc.

Some past modals are used to express certainty, possibility/ impossibility and advisability, in the past.

Modals of Speculation and deduction

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Past Modals of Speculation & Deduction

Modal of advisability

The past modal of advisability is “should have” and it is used to talk about past actions or events that didn’t happen, but would have been a good idea if they had.

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Past Modal of Advisability

Grammar Practice

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Speaking practice

  1. Open a box
  2. What could have happened? (speculating)
  3. If possible give some advice

Example:

used to/ get used to/ be used to

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1 Used to

We use used to/ didn’t use to + base form to talk about past habits or repeated actions or situations that have changed.

  • Attention!!!!! used to DOES NOT exist in the simple present (I use to study at night XXXXX). For present habits, we use usually + simple present (I usually study at night)
  • For action verbs, we can replace used to with the word would.

Example:

When I was a child I used to play video games every day = When I was a child I would play video games every day.

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Used to

2 Get used to

We use get used to + gerund to talk about a new situation that is becoming familiar or less strange.

Example: I’m getting used to studying after work. It’s not easy because after work I’m very tired.

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Get used to

3 Be used to

We use be used to + gerund to talk about a situation that is NOT new because it is familiar or less strange.

Example: I’m used to studying after work. I’ve been doing it for almost one year.

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Be used to

Grammar Practice

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Put the words in the correct order.

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Choose the correct answer.

 Speaking Practice

✍️ Writing Practice

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