We use may and might to talk about things that are possible, but not certain.

I may go out tonight. → maybe yes, maybe no
She might start a new job next month. → it’s possible

Both words are used in the same way.
🔹 may = possible
🔹 might = possible (sometimes feels a little less certain, but the difference is small)

1. How to Make a Sentence

👉 may / might + base verb

• I may go.
• She might call later.
• They may arrive tomorrow.
• We might visit you this weekend.

✅ The verb after may and might is always in the base form: go, call, visit, work, etc.
✅ Same form for all subjects (I / you / he / she / we / they).

Situation	Example sentence
Weather	It may rain later.
Weekend plans	We might visit friends on Sunday.
School	He may study English next year.
Work	I might work from home tomorrow.
Invitations	They may not come to the party.

2. Negative Form

To say something is possibly not true, use:

👉 may not / might not + base verb

• I may not go.
• She might not travel this year.
• They may not come to the party.

❗ These forms are not contracted in modern English.
We say may not and might not — not mayn’t or mightn’t.

3. Time Expressions Used with May / Might

We often use may / might with time phrases about the future:

• later
• tonight
• soon
• this weekend
• after work / after class
• next week / next month
• on Saturday

I may call you later.
They might go to Italy next summer.

🧠 Quick Grammar Guide

Use	Form	Example
To talk about possibility (50% possibility)	may / might + base verb	She might call later.
Negative	may not / might not + base verb	We may not have time.
Questions	May + subject + base verb?	May I sit here? (more polite)
No “to” after may/might	❌ may to go → ✅ may go
No -s after may/might	❌ might goes → ✅ might go
No contraction	❌ mayn’t → ✅ may not

✅ may and might = same meaning
✅ might sometimes feels a little less certain
✅ Used for future or possible now, not past

Let’s Practice

Practice 1

Practice 2

Speaking

Practice 1

Practice 2

💡 What Are Quantifiers?

Quantifiers tell us how much or how many of something there is.
We use them before nouns to describe quantity, a large amount, a small amount, or none.

Examples:

• There are many books in my room.
• There isn’t much sugar in the jar.

🍎 Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Noun Type	Description	Examples
Countable nouns	You can count them (1, 2, 3…)	apples, chairs, people, cars
Uncountable nouns	You can’t count them individually	water, money, time, rice

Quantifiers

🚦 Too Much, Too Many, Too Little, Too Few

We use these expressions to say there is more or less than necessary.

Expression	Used With	Meaning	Example
too much	uncountable nouns	more than needed	There is too much noise.
too many	countable nouns	more than needed	There are too many people in the room.
too little	uncountable nouns	not enough	I have too little time to rest.
too few	countable nouns	not enough	There are too few buses today.

Tips:

• “Too much” and “too many” show an excess.
• “Too little” and “too few” show a lack.

🟰 Enough + Noun

We use enough + noun to say that we have the right amount of something -> not too little and not too much.

It shows sufficiency. It means the quantity is adequate for what we need.

Structure	Example	Meaning
enough + countable noun	We have enough chairs for everyone.	The number of chairs is correct.
enough + uncountable noun	There isn’t enough water to fill the pool.	The amount of water is not sufficient.

More Examples

• Do we have enough food for everyone?
• There isn’t enough space in the classroom.
• I don’t have enough money to buy that jacket.
• We have enough time to finish the project.

Tips:

Use enough before the noun, and don’t add a or an after it.

❌ an enough time
✅ enough time

---

Let’s Practice

Practice 1

Practice 2

Practice 3

Speaking

BOARD GAME

Talking About the # 1

We often compare things to say how they are different or similar.
When we want to talk about something that is at the top, the best, the biggest, or the most interesting, we use the superlative form.

Superlatives show that one thing has the highest level of a quality.
For example:

• Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
• This café has the most delicious desserts in town.

Let’s learn how to form and use them!

1️⃣ Forming Superlatives

We form superlatives in different ways depending on the type of adjective.

Type of adjective	Form	Example
Short adjectives (1 syllable)	adjective + -est	small → the smallest Tokyo is the smallest apartment I’ve ever seen.
Adjectives ending in -e	adjective + -st	nice → the nicest She’s the nicest person I know.
Short adjectives (CVC pattern)	double the last consonant + -est	big → the biggest That’s the biggest dog I’ve ever seen.
Long adjectives (2+ syllables)	the most + adjective	beautiful → the most beautiful Paris is the most beautiful city in Europe.
Irregular adjectives	good → the best / bad → the worst / far → the farthest	This is the best movie ever!

🟢 Remember: Always use “the” before the superlative.
❌ Mount Everest is highest mountain.
✅ Mount Everest is the highest mountain.

2️⃣ Superlatives with Nouns

We can also use superlatives + noun to describe people, places, or things:

• She’s the youngest student in the class.
• That was the most exciting game this year.
• This is the least expensive restaurant in town.

🟡 Note: We use the least + adjective for the opposite meaning:

• This is the least interesting book I’ve read.

3️⃣ Common Phrases with Superlatives

Superlatives are often used with expressions like:

• in the world / in the city / in the group
  • He’s the best player in the team.
• I’ve ever…
  • That’s the most delicious cake I’ve ever eaten!

🧠 Grammar Focus

Adjective Type	Comparative	Superlative
Short	tall → taller than	tall → the tallest
Ending in -e	nice → nicer than	nice → the nicest
CVC	big → bigger than	big → the biggest
Long	beautiful → more beautiful than	beautiful → the most beautiful
Irregular	good → better than	good → the best

Let’s Practice

Practice 1

Look at the card.

Say the opposite superlative.

Example: the most expensive -> the cheapest

Practice 2

Look at the cards and complete the sentences with the correct superlative.

Practice 3

Speaking

Complete the questions using a superlative.

Share your answers with your classmates.

Are you ready to talk about the things you used to do in the past? 🤔

✨ In this activity, you’ll listen to the hit song “Somebody That I Used to Know” 🎸🎶 and practice talking about past habits and things that changed over time.

📝👂 Let’s dive into the past and make learning fun! Click below to start the activity! 🎧📚

🧠 Part 6 of the PET (Preliminary English Test) Writing Paper is designed to test your ability to use alternative expressions that have the same meaning. In this section, you will be given sentences that you need to rewrite so that they mean the same as the original sentences, but using no more than three words.

💡For example, if you have a sentence like “The bus station is near the new shopping centre,” you might need to rewrite it as “The bus station isn’t far from the new shopping centre.”

🎯 The purpose of this activity is to ensure that you can express ideas in different ways while maintaining the same meaning. This is a key skill in English as it shows your flexibility and understanding of the language. Practicing this part of the test helps you get better at using similar words and different grammar rules. This is important for good communication in English.

🏋️‍♂️ PRACTICE TIME: Prepositional Phrases, Infinitive of Purpose, Relative Clauses, Modifying Comparatives, Present Habits, Past Habits

Instructions: Rewrite each sentence using no more than three words so that both sentences have the same meaning. Fill in the blanks with your answers.

1. Prepositional Phrases:

1. During the movie, the sofa was used by the cat.
   The cat slept _______________ during the movie.
2. The upcoming trip excited the students.
   The students were excited ________________ trip.
3. Before the meeting started, she had arrived at the office.
   She arrived at the office __________________ started.
4. After school, the garden was full of children playing.
   The kids played ___________ after school.
5. This morning, the park was quiet with few people.
   Few people were _________ this morning.

2. Infinitive of Purpose:

6. She was praised for winning the competition.
   She was praised ___________ the competition.
7. They bought new equipment for improving their work efficiency.
   They bought new equipment ___________ their work efficiency.
8. He took a class for learning advanced programming skills.
   He took a class ___________ advanced programming skills.
9. The company invested in training for developing employee skills.
   The company invested in training ___________ employee skills.
10. She wore a jacket for keeping warm during the hike.
    She wore a jacket ___________ warm during the hike.

3. Relative Clauses:

11. The house is very old. We bought it last year.
    The house _________ we bought last year is very old.
12. The conference was very informative. It took place last week.
    The conference _________ took place last week was very informative.
13. The teacher is very supportive. I talked to her yesterday.
    The teacher _________ I talked to yesterday is very supportive.
14. The park is very large. We like to go there on weekends.
    The park _________ we like to go to on weekends is very large.
15. The novel is a bestseller. I am reading it right now.
    The novel _________ I am reading right now is a bestseller.

4. Modifying Comparisons:

16. The new car is smaller than the old one. (small difference)
    The new car is ___________ smaller than the old one.
17. The conference room is larger than the office. (big difference)
    The conference room is ___________ larger than the office.
18. The luxury hotel is more expensive than the regular one. (surprising difference)
    The luxury hotel is ___________ more expensive than the regular one.
19. The movie was more entertaining than I expected. (slight difference)
    The movie was ___________ more entertaining than I expected.
20. The exam was less difficult than I thought. (big difference)
    The exam was ___________ less difficult than I thought.

5. Present Habits:

21. I often eat breakfast around 8 am.
    I ___________ breakfast around 8 am.
22. I usually go to bed at 10 pm, but sometimes I stay up later.
    ___________, I go to bed at 10 pm, but sometimes I stay up later.
23. I generally enjoy studying English.
    ___________ enjoy studying English.
24. I go to the gym on Mondays and Thursdays.
    I ___________ going to the gym on Mondays and Thursdays.
25. I sometimes check my email throughout the day.
    ________________ time, I check my email throughout the day.

6. Past Habits:

26. Every winter, they went skiing in the mountains.
    They ____________________ skiing in the mountains every winter.
27. I usually saw my cousins every summer when I was a child.
    I ____________________ my cousins every summer when I was a child.
28. She often read books before bed when she was younger.
    She ____________________ books before bed when she was younger.
29. We would eat dinner together every evening when we were kids.
    We ____________________ dinner together every evening when we were kids.
30. When I was a child I used to live in an apartment.
    When I was a child____________________ in an apartment.

Answer Key:

1. Prepositional Phrases:

1. on the sofa, 2. about the upcoming, 3. before the meeting, 4. in the garden 5. in the park

2. Infinitive of Purpose:
6. for winning, 7. to improve, 8. to learn, 9. to develop, 10. to keep

3. Relative Clauses:
11. that, 12. that, 13. whom, 14. where, 15. that

4. Modifying Comparisons:
16. a bit/slightly, 17. much/far/a lot, 18. surprisingly/ even, 19. slightly/ a bit, 20. much/far/ a lot

5. Present Habits:
21. regularly eat, 22. On the whole/ Generally, 23. I tend to, 24. have a habit of, 25. from time to

6. Past Habits:
26. used to go/ would go/ usually went, 27. used to see/ would see, 28. used to read/ would read, 29. used to eat, 30. lived

🏋️‍♂️ PRACTICE TIME

Instructions: Rewrite each sentence using no more than three words so that both sentences have the same meaning. Fill in the blanks with your answers.

1. The bus station is near the new shopping centre.
   • The bus station isn’t ________________ the new shopping centre.

2. I’ve never been to this shop before.
   • This is ____________________ I’ve been in this shop.

3. The choice of food here is not as good as in the market.
   • The choice of food in the market ____________________ here.

4. There is late-night shopping on Thursday.
   • The shops ____________________ on Thursday.

5. Shall we go into town this afternoon?
   • Would ____________________ go into town this afternoon?

6. I’ve never read such a good book.
   • This is ____________________ book I’ve ever read.

7. The weather was better yesterday than it is today.
   • The weather is ____________________ today than it was yesterday.

8. Your pizza was cheaper than mine.
   • My pizza was ____________________ than yours.
9. “Don’t shout” said the teacher.
   • The teacher told the class ____________________ shout.

10. “I’ve never been to the USA” said Ron.
    • Ron said he ____________________ to the USA.

11. You promised to help me!
    • You said you ____________________ help me!

12. Charlie ate more than Daisy.
    • Daisy didn’t eat ____________________ Charlie.

13. Entrance to the museum is free.
    • You don’t have ____________________ to go into the museum.

14. It’s forbidden to feed the animals.
    • Feeding the animals isn’t ____________________.

15. Someone gave me a free ticket.
    • I ____________________ a free ticket.

16. There weren’t many people at the concert.
    • There were only ____________________ people at the concert.

17. It doesn’t matter which type of cooking oil you use for this recipe.
    • You can use ____________________ type of cooking oil for this recipe.

18. I found the film rather boring.
    • I felt ____________________ by the film.

19. A mechanic fixed my car last week.
    • I ____________________ fixed last week.

20. You should tell her you’re sorry.
    • If ____________________ I’d tell her you’re sorry.

21. There’s a chance he’s asleep at this time.
    • He might ____________________ asleep at this time.

22. Jane said “Why don’t we ask Rita?”
    • Jane suggested ____________________ Rita.

23. I’d advise you to study harder.
    • You ____________________ to study harder.

24. How much does a new moped cost?
    • What’s ____________________ a new moped?

25. He went to the shop because he wanted to buy some bread.
    • He went to the shop in ____________________ buy some bread.

26. The hotel has a big swimming pool.
    • ____________________ is a big swimming pool in the hotel.

27. I bought this camera six months ago.
    • I’ve ____________________ this camera for six months.

28. I’ve been a member of the tennis club since 2009.
    • I ____________________ the tennis club in 2009.

29. They’ve been married for 25 years.
    • They ____________________ 25 years ago.

30. I spent 3 hours doing my maths homework.
    • It ____________________ 3 hours to do my maths homework.

31. It was midnight when we left the party.
    • We didn’t leave the party ____________________ midnight.

32. We didn’t spend much money.
    • We only spent ____________________ money.

33. He’s too young to see that film.
    • He isn’t ____________________ to see that film.

34. Whose pen is this?
    • Whose ____________________ pen?

35. I liked the restaurant and my wife did too.
    • I liked the restaurant and ____________________ my wife.

36. My friend told me that I could stay in his flat.
    • My friend said “ You ____________________ in my flat.”

37. We had a map but it was difficult to find the zoo.
    • Although we had a map, we ____________________ find the zoo easily

38. The car park was outside the main entrance.
    • There was somewhere ____________________ outside the main entrance.

39. We wore sun hats because it was very hot.
    • It was ____________________ that we wore sun hats.

40. Maria suggested going to see the monkeys.
    • Maria said “Why don’t we ____________________ the monkeys?”

41. The elephants were my favourite animals.
    • I liked the elephants better ____________________ any other animal.

42. Large cars use more petrol than small cars.
    • Small cars ____________________ large cars.

43. Check your tyres before a long journey.
    • Before a long journey, remember ____________________ your tyres.

44. When I was young, I drove a small car.
    • I used ____________________ a small car when I was young.

45. My car windscreen was broken by a stone.
    • A stone ____________________ my car windscreen.

46. Who does this van belong to?
    • Whose ____________________ this?

47. Madonna was the eldest of eight children.
    • Madonna had seven ____________________ brothers and sisters.

48. It didn’t take her long to become famous.
    • She ____________________ famous very quickly.

49. It would be good if I went on a photography course.
    • I really ____________________ on a photography course.

50. Martina’s band started playing in concerts two years ago.
    • Martina’s band has played in concerts ____________________ two years.

---

Answer Key:

1. far from
2. the first time
3. is better than
4. open late
5. you like to
6. the best
7. worse
8. more expensive
9. not to
10. had never been
11. would help
12. as much as
13. to pay
14. allowed
15. was given
16. a few
17. any
18. bored
19. had my car
20. If I were you
21. be asleep
22. asking Rita
23. should
24. the cost of
25. to buy
26. There
27. had
28. joined
29. got married
30. took
31. until
32. a little
33. old enough
34. Whose is
35. so did
36. can stay
37. couldn’t
38. to park
39. so hot
40. go and see
41. than
42. don’t use as much
43. to check
44. used to drive
45. broke
46. Whose is
47. younger
48. became
49. ought to go
50. since