GRAMMAR

Adjectives used as nouns

April 6, 2023 teacherjulietaLeave a comment

Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns or pronouns. However, in some cases, adjectives can be used as nouns themselves. This is known as using an adjective as a noun.

When an adjective is used as a noun, it typically refers to a group of people who share a common characteristic.

Grammar patterns:

long form = adjective + people

short form = The + adjective

Examples:

Rich people spend a lot of money traveling.

The rich spend a lot of money traveling.

“the rich” refers to a group of people who have a lot of money. In some cases, plural nationalities can also be formed by using adjectives as nouns.

French people drink a lot of wine.

The French drink a lot of wine.

“the French” refers to a group of people who are from France.

Here are some examples of adjectives used as nouns, including plural nationalities:

The poor – This refers to a group of people who have very little money or resources. For example: “The government needs to do more to help the poor.”
The elderly – This refers to older people, usually over the age of 65. For example: “We need to make sure our healthcare system is equipped to take care of the elderly.”
The deaf – This refers to people who cannot hear. For example: “The school installed special equipment to help the deaf students.”
The French – This refers to people who are from France. For example: “The French are known for their love of food and wine.”
The Chinese – This refers to people who are from China. For example: “The Chinese celebrate the Lunar New Year with fireworks and festivals.”

In each of these examples, the adjective is used as a noun to refer to a specific group of people. When using adjectives as nouns, it’s important to make sure the context makes it clear what group of people you are referring to.

Nationalities

In English, when we talk about a person’s nationality, we usually use an adjective derived from the name of the country. For example, we might say someone is “Japanese” or “Mexican.” However, what do we do when someone has multiple nationalities, or when we want to refer to a group of people from a certain country?

When someone has multiple nationalities, we use the singular form of each nationality and separate them with “and.” For example, if someone has both American and Italian citizenship, we would say he/she is “American and Italian.” Here are a few more examples:

She is French and Canadian.
He is British and Australian.
They are German and Swiss.

When referring to a group of people from a certain country, we can use either the singular or plural form of the nationality adjective, depending on the context. For example:

“The French team won the World Cup.” Here, we use the singular form “French” because we are talking about a single team.
“The French are known for their love of food and wine.” Here, we use the plural form “French” because we are talking about a group of people as a whole.

For certain plural nationalities that end in –ese, –ss, –sh, or –ch, the definite article “the” is used before the nationality in its plural form. For example, “Chinese” becomes “the Chinese” in its plural form.

Country	Nationality (singular)	Nationality (plural)
Afghanistan	Afghan	Afghans
Albania	Albanian	Albanians
Algeria	Algerian	Algerians
Andorra	Andorran	Andorrans
Angola	Angolan	Angolans
Antigua and Barbuda	Antiguan	Antiguans
Argentina	Argentine	Argentines
Armenia	Armenian	Armenians
Australia	Australian	Australians
Austria	Austrian	Austrians
Azerbaijan	Azerbaijani	Azerbaijanis
Bahamas	Bahamian	Bahamians
Bahrain	Bahraini	Bahrainis
Bangladesh	Bangladeshi	Bangladeshis
Barbados	Barbadian	Barbadians
Belarus	Belarusian	Belarusians
Belgium	Belgian	Belgians
Belize	Belizean	Belizeans
Benin	Beninese	The Beninese
Bhutan	Bhutanese	The Bhutanese
Bolivia	Bolivian	Bolivians
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Bosnian	Bosnians
Botswana	Motswana	Batswana
Brazil	Brazilian	Brazilians
Brunei	Bruneian	Bruneians
Bulgaria	Bulgarian	Bulgarians
Burkina Faso	Burkinabe	Burkinabes
Burundi	Burundian	Burundians
Cabo Verde	Cape Verdean	Cape Verdeans
Cambodia	Cambodian	Cambodians
Cameroon	Cameroonian	Cameroonians
Canada	Canadian	Canadians
Central African Republic	Central African	Central Africans
Chad	Chadian	Chadians
Chile	Chilean	Chileans
China	Chinese	The Chinese
Colombia	Colombian	Colombians
Comoros	Comoran	Comorans
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	Congolese	The Congolese
Congo, Republic of the	Congolese	The Congolese
Costa Rica	Costa Rican	Costa Ricans
Côte d’Ivoire	Ivorian	Ivorians
Croatia	Croatian	Croatians
Cuba	Cuban	Cubans
Cyprus	Cypriot	Cypriots
Czech Republic	Czech	Czechs
Denmark	Danish	Danes
Djibouti	Djiboutian	Djiboutians
Dominica	Dominican	Dominicans
Dominican Republic	Dominican	Dominicans
Ecuador	Ecuadorian	Ecuadorians
Egypt	Egyptian	Egyptians
El Salvador	Salvadoran	Salvadorans
Equatorial Guinea	Equatorial Guinean	Equatorial Guineans
Eritrea	Eritrean	Eritreans
Estonia	Estonian	Estonians
Eswatini	Swazi	Swazis
Ethiopia	Ethiopian	Ethiopians
Fiji	Fijian	Fijians
Finland	Finnish	Finns
France	French	The French
Gabon	Gabonese	The Gabonese
Gambia	Gambian	Gambians
Georgia	Georgian	Georgians
Germany	German	Germans
Ghana	Ghanaian	Ghanaians
Greece	Greek	Greeks
Grenada	Grenadian	Grenadians
Guatemala	Guatemalan	Guatemalans
Guinea	Guinean	Guineans
Guinea-Bissau	Bissau-Guinean	Bissau-Guineans
Guyana	Guyanese	The Guyanese
Haiti	Haitian	Haitians
Honduras	Honduran	Hondurans
Hungary	Hungarian	Hungarians
Iceland	Icelander	Icelanders
India	Indian	Indians
Indonesia	Indonesian	Indonesians
Iran	Iranian	Iranians
Iraq	Iraqi	Iraqis
Ireland	Irish	The Irish
Israel	Israeli	Israelis
Italy	Italian	Italians
Jamaica	Jamaican	Jamaicans
Japan	Japanese	Japanese
Jordan	Jordanian	Jordanians
Kazakhstan	Kazakh	Kazakhs
Kenya	Kenyan	Kenyans
Kiribati	I-Kiribati	The I-Kiribati
Korea, North	North Korean	North Koreans
Korea, South	South Korean	South Koreans
Kuwait	Kuwaiti	Kuwaitis
Kyrgyzstan	Kyrgyz	The Kyrgyz
Laos	Laotian	Laotians
Latvia	Latvian	Latvians
Lebanon	Lebanese	The Lebanese
Lesotho	Mosotho	The Basotho
Liberia	Liberian	Liberians
Libya	Libyan	Libyans
Liechtenstein	Liechtensteiner	Liechtensteiners
Lithuania	Lithuanian	Lithuanians
Luxembourg	Luxembourger	Luxembourgers
Madagascar	Malagasy	The Malagasies
Malawi	Malawian	Malawians
Malaysia	Malaysian	Malaysians
Maldives	Maldivian	Maldivians
Mali	Malian	Malians
Malta	Maltese	The Maltese
Marshall Islands	Marshallese	The Marshallese
Mauritania	Mauritanian	Mauritanians
Mauritius	Mauritian	Mauritians
Mexico	Mexican	Mexicans
Micronesia	Micronesian	Micronesians
Moldova	Moldovan	Moldovans
Monaco	Monégasque	Monégasques
Mongolia	Mongolian	Mongolians
Montenegro	Montenegrin	Montenegrins
Morocco	Moroccan	Moroccans
Mozambique	Mozambican	Mozambicans
Myanmar	Burmese	The Burmese
Namibia	Namibian	Namibians
Nauru	Nauruan	Nauruans
Nepal	Nepali	Nepalis
Netherlands	Dutch	Dutch
New Zealand	New Zealander	New Zealanders
Nicaragua	Nicaraguan	Nicaraguans
Niger	Nigerien	Nigeriens
Nigeria	Nigerian	Nigerians
North Macedonia	Macedonian	Macedonians
Norway	Norwegian	Norwegians
Oman	Omani	Omanis
Pakistan	Pakistani	Pakistanis
Palau	Palauan	Palauans
Panama	Panamanian	Panamanians
Papua New Guinea	Papua New Guinean	Papua New Guineans
Paraguay	Paraguayan	Paraguayans
Peru	Peruvian	Peruvians
Philippines	Filipino	Filipinos
Poland	Polish	Poles
Portugal	Portuguese	The Portuguese
Qatar	Qatari	Qataris
Romania	Romanian	Romanians
Russia	Russian	Russians
Rwanda	Rwandan	Rwandans
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Kittitian or Nevisian	Kittitians or Nevisians
Saint Lucia	Saint Lucian	Saint Lucians
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Vincentian	Vincentians
Samoa	Samoan	Samoans
San Marino	Sammarinese	The Sammarinese
Sao Tome and Principe	Santomean	Santomeans
Saudi Arabia	Saudi Arabian	Saudi Arabians
Senegal	Senegalese	The Senegalese
Serbia	Serbian	Serbians
Seychelles	Seychellois	The Seychellois
Sierra Leone	Sierra Leonean	Sierra Leoneans
Singapore	Singaporean	Singaporeans
Slovakia	Slovak	Slovaks
Slovenia	Slovenian	Slovenians
Solomon Islands	Solomon Islander	Solomon Islanders
Somalia	Somali	Somalis
South Africa	South African	South Africans
South Sudan	South Sudanese	The South Sudanese
Spain	Spanish	Spaniards/ The Spanish
Sri Lanka	Sri Lankan	Sri Lankans
Sudan	Sudanese	The Sudanese
Suriname	Surinamese	The Surinamese
Sweden	Swedish	Swedes
Switzerland	Swiss	The Swiss
Syria	Syrian	Syrians
Taiwan	Taiwanese	The Taiwanese
Tajikistan	Tajik	Tajiks
Tanzania	Tanzanian	Tanzanians
Thailand	Thai	Thais
Timor-Leste	Timorese	The Timorese
Togo	Togolese	The Togolese
Tonga	Tongan	Tongans
Trinidad and Tobago	Trinidadian or Tobagonian	Trinidadians or Tobagonians
Tunisia	Tunisian	Tunisians
Turkey	Turkish	Turks
Turkmenistan	Turkmen	The Turkmen
Tuvalu	Tuvaluan	Tuvaluans
Uganda	Ugandan	Ugandans
Ukraine	Ukrainian	Ukrainians
United Arab Emirates	Emirati or Emirian	Emiratis or Emirians
United Kingdom	British	The British
United States	American	Americans
Uruguay	Uruguayan	Uruguayans
Uzbekistan	Uzbek	Uzbeks
Vanuatu	Ni-Vanuatu	The Ni-Vanuatu
Vatican City	Vatican	The Vatican
Venezuela	Venezuelan	Venezuelans
Vietnam	Vietnamese	The Vietnamese
Yemen	Yemeni	Yemenis
Zambia	Zambian	Zambians
Zimbabwe	Zimbabwean	Zimbabweans

*Created with the help of AI

Grammar Practice

Level of difficulty: ⭐

Here’s a 10-question quiz to review plural nationalities

GRAMMAR

Subject questions

March 27, 2023March 27, 2023 teacherjulieta1 Comment

What is a subject question? (This is a subject question by the way)

A subject question is a question that asks about the subject of the sentence. The subject of the sentence is usually a person, a thing, or an idea that performs the action described in the sentence.

Subject questions don’t include an auxiliary verb (do, does, did) because the question word (who?, what?, which?, how many?, etc.) is the subject of the verb in question.

Grammar pattern

“Wh- + verb (+…)?”

Examples:

Who ate the pizza? Answer: I
What caused the accident? Answer: The traffic
Which book is that? Answer: “Harry Potter”
Who is playing the piano? Answer: Maria
Who likes the new teacher? Answer: All the students
Who won the game? Answer: We
What makes you happy? Answer: Traveling
Who cleaned the kitchen? Answer: My husband
Who is going to the party? Answer: Nobody
Who broke the window? Answer: The cat

Learn more about

Object questions

Grammar Practice

Level of difficulty:

Speaking Practice

Level of difficulty:

Change the sentence into a subject question

Discuss the question with your group. Give as many details as possible

GRAMMAR

Would rather

March 14, 2023March 14, 2023 teacherjulietaLeave a comment

Rather is an adverb that we can use to express a specific preference. It goes after the modal verb would and before a verb in the base form.

We use would rather with the base form as an alternative to would prefer. Remember that would prefer is followed by a verb in the infinitive form.

Grammar patterns:

would prefer + infinitive

would rather + base form

Examples:

I’d prefer to go on vacation in July instead of August

I‘d rather go on vacation in July than in August.

Would you prefer to stay in or to go out tonight?

Would you rather stay in or go out tonight?

We can use would rather to talk about what we would prefer another person to do. For that case we use the past tense, even though we are talking about a present or future preference.

Grammar pattern:

would rather + someone + simple past

Examples:

I’d rather my students took notes during class.

She‘d rather her boyfriend gave her flowers for her birthday.

I‘d rather my students didn’t use their phones during class.

The students would rather their teacher didn’t give them homework every day.

Grammar Practice

Level of difficulty:

Speaking Practice

Level of difficulty:

Let’s sing!

This song is perfect to practice “rather than”

GRAMMAR

have got

March 11, 2023March 11, 2023 teacherjulieta2 Comments

How to use have got

1. You can use have got instead of have to talk about possessions in the present.

For example:

I have a red car. = I have got a red car.

Do you have a red car? = Have you got a red car?

2. You can use have got to talk about family

For example:

I have two brothers. = I have got two brothers.

Do you have any brothers? = Have you got any brothers?

3. You can use have got to talk about sickness

For example:

I have a cold. = I have got a cold.

Do you have a stomachache? = Have you got a stomachache?

4. You can use have got to describe people.

For example:

She has long hair. = She has got long hair.

Does she have blue eyes? = Has she got blue eyes?

Important notes

have got is not used in the past. For past possessions we use had. (I had a dog when I was a child. Did you have any pets when you were a child?)
In North America have…/ Do you have…? is more common than I’ve got/ Have you got …? in spoken English.

Full form	Contraction	Negative
I have got	I’ve got	I haven’t got
You have got	You’ve got	You haven’t got
He/She/It has got	He/She/ It‘s got	He/She/ It hasn’t got
We have got	We’ve got	We haven’t got
They have got	They’ve got	They haven’t got

(?) Question	(+) Short answer	(-) Short answer
Have I got …?	Yes, I have.	No, I haven’t.
Have you got…?	Yes, you have.	No, you haven’t.
Has he/ she/ it got…?	Yes, he/ she/ it has.	No, he/ she/ it hasn’t.
Have we got…?	Yes, we have.	No, we haven’t.
Have they got…?	Yes, they have.	No, they haven’t.

Grammar Practice

Level of difficulty:

Write (+), (-) or (?) sentences with the correct form of have got.

Flip the cards to see the correct answer.

Level of difficulty:

Complete the sentences with the right form of have got.

Speaking Practice

Level of difficulty:

Look at the pictures and tell your partner which things you have got and which things you haven’t got. Give your partner as many details as you can.

For example:

I’ve got a dog, but I haven’t got a cat. My friend gave me a puppy 5 years ago for my birthday. She’s a beautiful mutt dog. She’s got brown eyes and white fur.

Let’s sing!

This song is perfect to practice “have got”

Did you like this lesson? 👍

Future (will/ be going to/ be + verb+ing)

March 3, 2023March 9, 2023 teacherjulieta1 Comment

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INTRODUCTION

In English, we use different grammar patterns to talk about the future depending on the situation.

It’s important to understand what the situation is, so you can choose the correct grammar pattern.

Situations

These are the most common situations to talk about the future. Click on the arrow > to learn more.

Grammar Patterns

These are the different grammar patterns that you can use to talk about the future:

will + base form

be going to + base form

be + verb + ing

Click on the arrow > to learn more about future grammar patterns.

Grammar Practice

Level of difficulty:

Complete the sentences with the correct future form.

Drag and drop the correct word using your mouse or your finger

Speaking Practice

Level of difficulty:

Discuss each prediction with your group.

Discuss each decision with your group.

✍️ Writing Practice

Choose 1 card. Write a comment (reply) below 👇 with your answer. Give as many details as possible. Make sure you use the correct future form.

Gerunds and Infinitives: Change of meanings

March 1, 2023April 25, 2023 teacherjulieta1 Comment

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There are some verbs that change their meaning if they are followed by a gerund or an infinitive. The best way to learn them is by organizing them in a chart to visualize the differences.

Grammar Practice

Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verb.

You can use the Random Spinner, so the computer will pick a card for you.

Flip the cards to check your answer.

Auxiliary Verbs for Emphasis

February 24, 2023February 25, 2023 teacherjulieta1 Comment

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When we want to add emphasis or make our sentences stronger or disagree in a strong way, we often use auxiliary verbs. In spoken English, a sentence can get greater emphasis if the auxiliary or modal verb is stressed.

Examples:

That will be nice. -> That will be nice!

I can’t go with you. -> I can’t go with you!

It tastes delicious. -> It does taste delicious!

The auxiliary do is a marker of emphasis in affirmative sentences like the above one. Emphatic do is used in different contexts to express at least 5 different meanings.

* Note: After emphatic do we always use the base form of the verb

do + base form

does + base form

did + base form

1. Affirmative emphasis of a whole sentence.

Emphatic do often occurs after emphatic adverbs like certainly or really.

Examples:

I certainly do hope you pass the test.

I really do like that song.

A: Do you remember her name?

B: I certainly do remember her name.

2. Emphasis of a verb used with adverbs of frequency such as never, rarely, seldom, often, always.

Examples:

The student who took extra classes always did pass his exams.

The horse he bet on usually did win.

The classmates we were waiting for never did arrive.

3. Emphasis of a positive result when we don’t know some information or are in doubt

Example:

I’m happy to hear that you do like Mexican food.

(I wasn’t sure if you would like eating Mexican food, but that’s the only food I have and that’s what we’re having for dinner)

I’m glad to hear that you did pass your exam.

(I wasn’t sure you would pass the test because you told me it was going to be very difficult)

4. Affirmative contradiction of a negative statement.

Examples:

My teacher said that I didn’t turn in my homework, but I did turn it in!

My boyfriend broke up with me because he thinks I don’t love him, but I do love him very much!

5. Contrasting

Examples:

Even though I don’t like most classical music, I do like Beethoven’s 7th Symphony.

Although I don’t like learning grammar, I do enjoy playing grammar games in class.

I dislike spicy food, but I do like Thai noodles.

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Grammar Practice

Level of difficulty: ⭐

Speaking Practice

Level of difficulty: ⭐⭐

Student A: Choose a card and ask the question.

Student B: Answer the question making emphasis (Use emphatic do)

GRAMMAR

So, neither + auxiliary/modal verbs

February 1, 2023February 1, 2023 teacherjulieta1 Comment

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In English there are different ways of saying that you have something in common with somebody.

We use me too to tell someone that you are in a similar situation. We use it to respond to positive statements.

We use me neither to tell someone that you are also in a similar situation. We use it to respond to negative statements.

Examples:

We can use auxiliary and modal verbs to say that somebody or something is the same instead of saying “me too” or “me neither”.

Examples:

We can also use auxiliary and modal verbs to say that someone or something is different.

Examples:

Grammar Practice

Level of difficulty: ⭐

Level of difficulty: ⭐⭐

Speaking Practice

Level of difficulty:

Say your sentence to each other and find someone who is the same or different.

GRAMMAR

What grammar topics do I need to study to level up my English?

November 3, 2022February 12, 2023 teacherjulieta2 Comments

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Here you can see a list of grammar topics that you need to master in order to level up according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR)

Beginner (A1)

At this level you should be able to:

Communicate and exchange information in a simple way.
Ask and answer simple questions about daily routines.
Recognize letters, numbers, familiar names and basic phrases in most common every day situations.

These are topics you need to study at A1 Level according to Exam English:

Adjectives: common and demonstrative
Adverbs of frequency
Comparatives and superlatives
Going to
How much/how many and very
common uncountable nouns
I’d like
Imperatives (+/-)
Intensifiers – very basic
Modals: can/can’t/could/couldn’t
Past simple of “to be”
Past Simple
Possessive adjectives
Possessive s
Prepositions, common
Prepositions of place
Prepositions of time, including in/on/at
Present continuous
Present simple
Pronouns: simple, personal
Questions
There is/are
To be, including question+negatives
Verb + ing: like/hate/love

Elementary (A2)

At this level you will learn how to:

Deal with simple information
Express your opinion about familiar contexts (daily routines, life experiences and predictable topics)
Understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment.
Describe in basic terms people, things, places, and feelings.
Talk about plans, decisions, arrangements, and promises.
Give advice and talk about rules and obligations.

These are topics you need to study at A2 Level according to Exam English:

Adjectives – comparative, – use of than and definite article
Adjectives – superlative – use of definite article
Adverbial phrases of time, place and frequency – including word order
Adverbs of frequency
Articles – with countable and uncountable nouns
Countables and Uncountables: much/many
Gerunds
Going to
Imperatives
Modals – can/could
Modals – have to
Modals – should

Past continuous
Past simple
Phrasal verbs – common
Possessives – use of ‘s, s’
Prepositional phrases (place, time and movement)
Prepositions of time: on/in/at
Present continuous
Present continuous for future
Present perfect
How Questions
Verb + ing/infinitive: like/
want-would like
Wh-questions in past
Will / won’t
Zero and 1st conditional

In order to pass the KET test you need to master the grammar topics for A1 and A2

If you pass the KET test it means that you can:

Understand and use basic phrases and expressions
Understand simple written English
Introduce yourself and answer basic questions about yourself
Interact with English speakers at a basic level

If you can do all these things it is because you have developed your skills to use English to communicate in simple situations

Intermediate (B1)

At this level you will learn how to:

Express yourself with clarity about familiar situations and deal with non-routine information.
Understand the main points of conversations related to familiar situations encountered in work, school, leisure, etc.
Deal with most situations while traveling in a place where English is spoken
Write about simple topics that are familiar or of personal interest
Describe experiences and events in the past, dreams, hopes, ambitions, regret, and hypothetical situations
Give reasons and explanations about your opinion

These are topics you need to study at B1 Level according to Exam English

Adverbs
Both, either, neither
Broader range of intensifiers; So, such, too, enough
Comparatives and superlatives
Question tags
Conditionals, 2nd and 3rd
Connecting words expressing
cause and effect, contrast etc.
Embedded questions
Future continuous/ Future Perfect
Modals – must/can’t deduction
Modals – might, may, will, probably
Modals – should have/might have/etc
Modals: must/have to
Past continuous
Past perfect
Past simple
Past tense responses
Phrasal verbs, extended
Prepositions of place
Present perfect continuous
Present perfect/past simple
Reported speech (range of tenses)
Simple passive
Wh- questions in the past
Will and going to, for prediction

Practice time

Click HERE to do some grammar practice for the PET exam

In order to pass the PET test you need to master the grammar topics for A1, A2 and B1.

If you pass the B1 Preliminary (PET) test it means that you can:

Comprehend information in textbooks and articles in English
Write letters and emails on everyday subjects
Take meeting notes
Show awareness of opinions and mood in spoken and written English

If you can do all of these things it is because you have mastered the basics of English and now have practical language skills for everyday use.

High-Intermediate (B2)

At this level you will learn how to:

Find and analyze the main ideas of complex texts on concrete or abstract topics, including some technical discussions.
Express yourself fluently and spontaneously enough to comfortably communicate with other English speakers.
Communicate orally and in written form clearly on many subjects and explain a complex viewpoint on a topic, including expressing advantages and disadvantages.

These are topics you need to study at B1 Level according to Exam English

Adjectives and adverbs
Future continuous
Future perfect
Future perfect continuous
Mixed conditionals
Modals – can’t have, needn’t have
Modals of deduction and speculation
Narrative tenses
Passives

Past perfect
Past perfect continuous
Phrasal verbs, extended
Relative clauses
Reported speech
Will and going to, for prediction
Wish
Would expressing habits, in the past

In order to pass the FCE test you need to master the grammar topics for A1, A2, B1 and B2.

If you pass the B2 First Certificate (FCE) test it means that you can:

Write short reports and emails
Explain an idea or have a detailed discussion in English
Understand general English on TV and in newspapers.

If you can do all of these things it is because you can understand the main ideas of complex texts and conversation, and you can express your opinion with some fluency on a wide range of topics.

Nationalities

Grammar Practice

What is a subject question? (This is a subject question by the way)

Grammar pattern

Learn more about

Grammar Practice

Speaking Practice

Grammar patterns:

Grammar pattern:

Grammar Practice

Speaking Practice

Let’s sing!

How to use have got

1. You can use have got instead of have to talk about possessions in the present.

2. You can use have got to talk about family

3. You can use have got to talk about sickness

4. You can use have got to describe people.

Important notes

Grammar Practice

Speaking Practice

Let’s sing!

INTRODUCTION

Situations

Grammar Patterns

Grammar Practice

Speaking Practice

✍️ Writing Practice

RELATED TOPICS

Grammar Practice

RELATED TOPICS:

1. Affirmative emphasis of a whole sentence.

2. Emphasis of a verb used with adverbs of frequency such as never, rarely, seldom, often, always.

3. Emphasis of a positive result when we don’t know some information or are in doubt

4. Affirmative contradiction of a negative statement.

5. Contrasting

Grammar Practice

Speaking Practice

RELATED TOPICS:

Grammar Practice

Speaking Practice

RELATED TOPICS:

Beginner (A1)

Elementary (A2)

In order to pass the KET test you need to master the grammar topics for A1 and A2

Intermediate (B1)

Practice time

High-Intermediate (B2)