Comparatives, Non-equatives and Equatives

October 18, 2025 teacherjulieta1 Comment

Talking about similarities and differences

When we describe cities, people, or things, we often say how they are different or similar.
In English, we use comparatives and equatives to do this.

1️⃣ Comparatives

Showing Differences

We use comparative adjectives to show the difference between two people, things, or places.

Add -er for short adjectives (small → smaller).
Use more + adjective for long adjectives (beautiful → more beautiful).

Type	Form	Example
Short adjectives (1 syllable)	adjective + -er + than	Paris is smaller than London.
Adjectives ending in -e	adjective + -r + than	Rome is nicer than Madrid.
Short adjectives (CVC pattern)	double last letter + -er + than	New York is bigger than Boston.
Long adjectives (2+ syllables)	more + adjective + than	Tokyo is more expensive than Seoul.
Irregular adjectives	better / worse / farther	This café is better than that one.

🟢 Use “than” after the adjective.
🟢 Don’t use “more” and “-er” together.
❌ “more bigger than” → ✅ “bigger than”

2️⃣ Non-Equatives

Showing That Two Things Are Not the Same

A non-equative sentence shows a difference, but in a softer way than a comparative.
We use not as + adjective + as o say they are different.

Form	Meaning	Example
not as + adjective + as	not the same / weaker comparison	The countryside isn’t as crowded as the city.

Example	Meaning
The city is not as quiet as the countryside.	The city is noisier.
This café is not as big as that one.	That one is bigger.
My car is not as new as yours.	Yours is newer.

🟡 Tip:
“Non-equative” simply means “not equal” — two things are different in some way.

💡 “Not as…as” is often used to make a comparison sound softer or more polite:

“This hotel isn’t as comfortable as the other one.” (gentler than “worse than”)

3️⃣ Equatives

Showing That Two Things Are the Same

An equative shows that two things are equal in some way.

We use as + adjective + as to say two things are the same.

Form	Meaning	Example
as + adjective + as	the same	My town is as quiet as yours.
just as + adjective + as	completely equal (stronger)	This park is just as beautiful as the beach.

Example	Meaning
My house is as big as yours.	The houses are the same size.
Today is as cold as yesterday.	The temperature is the same.
This park is as beautiful as the beach.	They are equally beautiful.

🟡 Tip:
“Equative” simply means “ equal” — two things are similar.

🧠 Grammar Focus

✅ Comparatives:

Use -er + than for short adjectives.
Use more + adjective + than for long adjectives.
Use better / worse / farther for irregular adjectives.

✅ Non-equatives:

Use not as + adjective + as → “not as tall as,” “not as interesting as.”

✅ Equatives:

Use as + adjective + as → “as fast as,” “as nice as.”

Let’s practice

Practice 1

Practice 2

Speaking

Quantifiers

October 16, 2025October 30, 2025 teacherjulieta1 Comment

Quantifiers tell us how much or how many things we have.
We use them to talk about food, drinks, objects, and other things in daily life.

🍎 Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Type	Examples	Question	We say…
Countable nouns (we can count: 1, 2, 3…)	apples, bananas, eggs, books	How many…?	a / some / any / a few / many / not many
Uncountable nouns (we can’t count)	water, rice, sugar, milk	How much…?	some / any / a little / much / not much

🟢 Countable = we can count them (one, two, three…)
🔵 Uncountable = we cannot count them easily (water, milk, rice…)

☕ A / Some / Any

Word	When we use it	Example
a / an	for one thing (singular countable)	I have a banana. 🍌
some	in positive sentences	There is some coffee. ☕
any	in negative sentences and questions	There isn’t any milk. / Do we have any eggs? 🥚

🍚 How much…? / How many…?

Question	Use	Example
How many…?	with countable nouns	How many bananas are there? 🍌🍌
How much…?	with uncountable nouns	How much water do you drink? 💧

🗣️ We use “How many” when we can count things.
We use “How much” when we cannot count them.

🍓 Talking about Quantity

We can show if there is a lot, a little, or not much of something.

Countable nouns	Uncountable nouns
a lot (of) → I have a lot of friends.	a lot (of) → We drink a lot of water.
a few → I have a few apples.	a little → There’s a little milk.
not many → There aren’t many buses today.	not much → There isn’t much coffee left.

💡 a few = a small number (for countable nouns → apples, cars, friends)
💡 a little = a small amount (for uncountable nouns → milk, rice, water)
💡 not many = only a small number (used with countable nouns)
💡 not much = only a small amount (used with uncountable nouns)
💡 a lot / lots = a big number or amount

💬 Practice Time!

Practice 1

Practice 2

Practice 3

Speaking

Complete the sentences with your own ideas.

Irregular verbs

October 10, 2025 teacherjulieta1 Comment

🧩 What Are Irregular Verbs?

Most English verbs are regular — you just add –ed to make the past tense.

Regular: play → played | work → worked

But some verbs don’t follow this rule.

Irregular: go → went | eat → ate | have → had

⚙️ Form and Structure

Sentence Type	Structure	Example
Affirmative	Subject + irregular verb (past form)	I went to the park yesterday.
Negative	Subject + didn’t + base verb	I didn’t go to the park.
Question	Did + subject + base verb	Did you go to the park?

🧠 Tip:
After did or didn’t, always use the base form (not the past).

❌ Did you went? → ✅ Did you go?

💡 Common Irregular Verbs

Base Form	Past Simple	Example Sentence
be	was / were	I was tired yesterday.
have	had	We had a great time.
go	went	She went to the cinema.
do	did	They did their homework.
see	saw	I saw a good movie.
eat	ate	He ate pizza for lunch.
make	made	She made a cake.
get	got	I got home late.
buy	bought	We bought new shoes.
come	came	My friend came to visit.
take	took	He took the bus to work.
say	said	She said hello.
find	found	They found a wallet.
give	gave	He gave me a gift.
know	knew	I knew the answer.

🧠 Notice: Irregular verbs don’t have one pattern — some change the vowel, some change completely, and some stay the same (like cut → cut).

⏰ Time Expressions for the Past Simple

We often use these words with past actions:

📅 yesterday
🕒 last night / last week / last year
📆 two days ago / a month ago
📖 in 2010 / when I was a child

Examples:

I went to Spain last summer.
We had dinner two hours ago.

🚫 Common Mistakes

❌ Wrong	✅ Correct	Why?
I didn’t went.	I didn’t go.	After didn’t, use the base verb.
Did you saw it?	Did you see it?	After did, use the base verb.
He goed to school.	He went to school.	Go is irregular.
I was happy yesterday?	Were you happy yesterday?	Use was/were to make questions.

Let’s Practice

Practice 1

Card game

Present Simple & Present Continuous

October 9, 2025 teacherjulietaLeave a comment

Introduction

In English, we use different verb forms to talk about actions that happen regularly and actions that are happening right now.

The Present Simple describes habits, routines, and facts — things that are true in general.

Example: I go to work by bus.

The Present Continuous describes actions that are happening at the moment of speaking or around now.

Example: I’m taking the bus today because my car is in the garage.

Learning to choose the correct tense helps you talk clearly about your daily life and what is happening at the present time.

🧩 Grammar Overview

Tense	Use	Example
Present Simple	Regular actions, habits, facts, routines	I go to the gym on Mondays.
Present Continuous	Actions happening now or temporary situations	I’m studying English this week.

⚙️ Form and Structure

✅ Present Simple

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative	Subject + base verb (+s/es for he/she/it)	I work in a café. He works in a café.
Negative	Subject + don’t/doesn’t + base verb	They don’t* play football.* She doesn’t* play football.*
Question	Do/Does + subject + base verb	Do you like coffee? Does he like coffee?

🧠 Spelling note:
For he/she/it, add -s, -es, or -ies:

work → works | go → goes | study → studies

✅ Present Continuous

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative	Subject + am/is/are + verb + -ing	I am working right now. He is working right now. You are* working right now.*
Negative	Subject + am/is/are + not + verb + -ing	I am not* watching TV.* She isn’t* watching TV.* They aren’t* watching TV.*
Question	Am/Is/Are + subject + verb + -ing?	Am I studying English? Is she studying English? Are you studying English?

🧠 Spelling note:

run → running
make → making
write → writing

⏰ Time Expressions

Present Simple	Present Continuous
every day / week / month	now
on Mondays / weekends	at the moment
always / usually / often / sometimes / never	today / this week / these days
once a week / twice a month	right now

💡 Tip:
We use time expressions with the Present Simple for repeated actions, and with the Present Continuous for temporary or current actions.

🗓 I usually work on Mondays.
💬 But this Monday, I’m taking the day off.

💬 Comparing the Two Tenses

Present Simple	Present Continuous
I work in a bank.	I’m working from home today.
She plays tennis on Saturdays.	She’s playing tennis right now.
They live in London.	They’re staying in Paris this week.
He usually drinks tea.	He’s drinking coffee today.

✅ Present Simple → permanent, repeated, or regular actions
✅ Present Continuous → temporary or happening now

Let’s Practice

Practice 1

Practice 2

Speaking

Practice 1

Answer the following questions.

Practice 2

Complete the questions.

Answer the questions.

CHALLENGE

Writing

Open the box.

Complete the sentences with your own ideas.

Write your sentences in the comments below.

Adverbs of Frequency & Time Expressions

October 7, 2025 teacherjulietaLeave a comment

We use adverbs of frequency and time expressions to talk about how often we do something and when we do it.

🔁 1. Adverbs of Frequency

Adverbs of frequency tell us how often we do an activity.

🧩 Common Adverbs:

Adverb	Meaning	Example
always	100%	I always drink coffee in the morning. ☕
usually	about 80%	I usually go to bed at 11. 🕚
often	about 60%	I often read before bed. 📖
sometimes	about 40%	I sometimes eat out. 🍽️
hardly ever / rarely	about 10%	I hardly ever watch TV. / I rarely eat fast food. 📺🍔
never	0%	I never smoke. 🚭

💡 “Hardly ever” and “rarely” both mean almost never.
They are more polite and softer than “never.”

⚙️ Word Order — Adverbs of Frequency

🟢 Before the main verb

I always eat breakfast.
She usually studies at night.

🟣 After the verb to be

I am never late.
He is rarely tired.

🕰️ 2. Time Expressions

Time expressions tell us when or how often something happens.

💬 Examples:

every day / every morning / every weekend
in the morning / in the evening
on weekends / on Fridays
once a week / twice a month / three times a year
at night / at the weekend

📏 Word Order — Time Expressions

There are two main positions for time expressions:

🅰️ At the end of the sentence (most common)

I go shopping on Saturdays.
We study English every morning.
She exercises twice a week.

🅱️ At the beginning of the sentence (for emphasis)

On weekends, I relax and watch movies.
In the morning, I drink coffee and read the news.

🧠 Combine time expressions with adverbs of frequency for natural sentences:

I usually go jogging in the morning.
We hardly ever eat out on weekdays.

🪄 Tip: Don’t put both “adverb of frequency” and “time expression” together at the beginning.
✅ “I usually study English at night.”
🚫 “Usually I study English at night.” (too informal, except in spoken English)

Let’s Practice!

Practice 1

Speaking

Look at the cards.

Complete the questions using the words from the cards starting with How often…?

Discuss the question with your classmates

Example:

Student A: How often do you eat pizza?

Student B: I eat pizza once a month.

Student C: Me too!

Student D: I usually eat pizza on Fridays.

❓ Word Order in Questions

October 6, 2025October 6, 2025 teacherjulietaLeave a comment

🧱 Sentence vs Question

✅ Sentences → start with the subject.
❓ Questions → start with an auxiliary or question word.

Type	Sentence	Question
Present Simple (do/does)	You like pizza.	Do you like pizza?
	She works in an office.	Does she work in an office?
Verb “be”	You are tired.	Are you tired?
	He is a teacher.	Is he a teacher?
Wh- Question	You live in Canada.	Where do you live?
	She studies English.	What does she study?

💡 Why Word Order Is Important

In English, word order helps show if a sentence is a statement or a question.
Changing the order of the words changes the meaning completely:

You like coffee. → ✅ Statement
Do you like coffee? → ❓ Question

So, when we make questions, we usually move the auxiliary verb (do / does / am / is / are) before the subject.

🧩 Basic Question Structure

🔹 With “do/does”

Question word + do/does + subject + main verb

Example	Explanation
Where do you live?	“Where” = question word, “do” = auxiliary, “you” = subject, “live” = main verb
What does she do?	“does” = auxiliary for she
Do you like coffee?	no question word — just “do” + subject + verb

🧠 Remember:

Do → for I, you, we, they
Does → for he, she, it
The main verb does not take -s after “does”:

❌ Does she works? → ✅ Does she work?

🔹 With “be”

If the verb is be, we don’t use do/does.
We just change the order:

Statement	Question
You are a student.	Are you a student?
She is tired.	Is she tired?

🪄 Tip: With “be”, move am/is/are before the subject to make a question.

🗣️ Common Question Words

Question Word	Meaning	Example
What	thing / information	What do you do?
Where	place	Where do you live?
When	time	When do you study English?
Who	person	Who is your teacher?
How	manner / way	How are you today?
Why	reason	Why are you late?

🪄 Tip: Question words always come at the beginning of the question.

⚙️ Word Order Summary

✅ Yes / No Questions – Verb Be

Structure: Be + Subject + Complement

Are you tired?
Is she a teacher?

Use this form when you want a yes or no answer.

✅ Question Word + Verb Be

Structure: Question Word + Be + Subject + Complement

Where are you from?
How is your family?
Why is he late?

Use a question word when you want more information (not just yes/no).

✅ Yes / No Questions – Other Verbs

Structure: Do/Does + Subject + Base Verb

Do you like coffee?
Does he play tennis?

Use do/does for most verbs (except be).

✅ Question Word + Other Verbs

Structure: Question Word + Do/Does + Subject + Base Verb

Where do you live?
What does she study?
When do they work?

Use a question word when you want more details.

Let’s Practice!

Quiz

Speaking

Practice 1

Practice 2

Create your own questions using the pictures in the cards

📝 Grammar Review: Basic Verb Tenses

October 3, 2025October 3, 2025 teacherjulietaLeave a comment

In this lesson, we will review the basic verb tenses you need to talk about the past, present, and future.

By the end of this lesson, you will:
✅ Recognize the most common tenses in English
✅ Use them to talk about your life and experiences
✅ Feel more confident when speaking and writing

1. Present Simple

We use it to talk about:

habits and routines
facts and general truths

Form:
👉 Subject + base verb (add -s/-es for he/she/it)

Examples:

I get up at 7 o’clock.
She works in a bank.
The sun rises in the east.

2. Present Continuous

We use it to talk about:

things happening now
temporary situations

Form:
👉 Subject + am/is/are + verb + -ing

Examples:

I am studying English now.
They are watching TV.
She is living in Toronto at the moment.

3. Past Simple

We use it to talk about:

finished actions in the past

Form:
👉 Subject + past verb (regular verbs = + -ed, irregular verbs change form)

Examples:

I watched a movie yesterday.
She visited her grandma last weekend.
They went to the park.

4. Past Continuous

We use it to talk about:

actions that were happening at a specific time in the past

Form:
👉 Subject + was/were + verb + -ing

Examples:

I was reading a book at 9 pm.
They were playing football when it started to rain.
She was cooking dinner.

5. Future with will

We use it to talk about:

predictions
decisions at the moment of speaking

Form:
👉 Subject + will + base verb

Examples:

I will call you tomorrow.
Don’t worry, you will pass the test!
She will travel next summer.

6. Future with going to

We use it to talk about:

plans and intentions
something we can see is going to happen

Form:
👉 Subject + am/is/are going to + base verb

Examples:

I’m going to study tonight.
They are going to buy a new car.
Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain.

7. Present Perfect

We use it to talk about:

experiences in life (no exact time)
actions that started in the past and continue now (for/since)
recent actions with just, already, yet

Form:
👉 Subject + have/has + past participle

🔹 With for and since

I have lived here for 5 years.
She has worked in this company since 2018.

🔹 With just (a very recent action)

I have just finished my homework.

🔹 With already (something happened earlier than expected)

They have already eaten dinner.

🔹 With yet (in negative sentences and questions)

I haven’t finished my project yet.
Have you done your homework yet?

📊 Summary Table

Tense	Use	Example
Present Simple	habits, facts	She works in a bank.
Present Continuous	happening now	They are watching TV.
Past Simple	finished actions	We visited London.
Past Continuous	action in progress (past)	I was reading at 8 pm.
Future (will)	decisions, predictions	I will call you.
Future (going to)	plans, intentions	I’m going to travel.
Present Perfect	experiences, unfinished time, recent actions	I have lived here since 2018.

Let’s practice!

Practice 1

Practice 2

Speaking

Practice 1

Practice 2

Introduction to First Conditional

October 1, 2025October 1, 2025 teacherjulieta1 Comment

🔑 What is the First Conditional?

We use the First Conditional when we want to:

Talk about the future
Say what will happen if something else happens
Show real and possible situations

✨ Example:

If I eat too much chocolate, I will feel sick.
If we hurry, we will catch the bus.

🧩 Grammar Structure

👉 The First Conditional has two parts:

IF clause (condition)	Result clause
If + Present Simple	*will + base verb*

✅ Examples:

If it rains, I will stay at home.
If I study, I will pass the test.
If we are late, the teacher will be angry.

🚨 Important!
Don’t use will after if.
❌ If it ~~will rain~~, I will stay home.
✅ If it rains, I will stay home.

💡 When do we use it?

We use the First Conditional for:

Predictions: If it rains, the streets will be wet.
Warnings: If you run too fast, you will fall.
Promises/Plans: If you call me, I will help you.

🗣 More Examples

If I am hungry, I will eat a sandwich. 🥪
If my friend visits, we will go to the park. 🌳
If the teacher gives homework, I will do it. ✏️
If we don’t leave now, we will miss the train. 🚉

Practice Time

Practice 1

Practice 2

Speaking Practice

Card game

Flip the cards

Look at the picture

Complete the sentences using first conditional

Open the box

Choose a box.

Read the sentence starter.

Complete the sentence with your own ideas

Movies and TV Shows

September 29, 2025September 29, 2025 teacherjulietaLeave a comment

for beginner learners (A1/A2)

Here’s a list of basic words to help you talk about films and TV programs.

🎬 Types of Movies & TV Shows

Word	Meaning	Example
🐭 cartoon	An animated story, often for children	Tom and Jerry is a cartoon.
🎤 chat show	A TV show where people talk with a host	The Oprah Winfrey Show is a chat show.
😂 comedy	A funny movie or show	Mr. Bean is a comedy.
🎭 drama	A serious story, often about real life	Titanic is a drama.
❓ quiz show	A contest with questions	Jeopardy is a quiz show.
📺 sitcom	A funny TV series about everyday life	Friends is a sitcom.
💔 soap opera	A long TV story with many episodes	Days of Our Lives is a soap opera.
📰 the news	Information about today’s events	I usually watch the news at 6 pm.
☀️ weather forecast	Information about the weather	The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow.
🐒 wildlife programme	A show about animals and nature	Planet Earth is a wildlife programme.

🎬 Adjectives to Talk About Movies & TV Shows

😀 Positive	😢 Negative	😐 Neutral
exciting – full of action or adventure The movie was exciting from the beginning.	silly – not serious or funny in a bad way The cartoon was silly.	serious – important or not funny The news is serious.
clever – smart or creative The comedy has clever jokes.	sad – makes you feel unhappy Titanic is a sad drama.	long – takes a lot of time The movie is long but interesting.
funny – makes you laugh Mr. Bean is very funny.	scary – makes you feel afraid The monster in the film was scary.	true – based on real events The story is true.
popular – liked by many people Friends is a popular sitcom.	boring – not interesting The soap opera is boring.
interesting – keeps your attention The wildlife programme is interesting.

Let’s Practice

Practice 1

Practice 2

Speaking

What grammar topics do I need to study to level up my English?

November 3, 2022February 12, 2023 teacherjulieta2 Comments

Here you can see a list of grammar topics that you need to master in order to level up according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR)

Beginner (A1)

At this level you should be able to:

Communicate and exchange information in a simple way.
Ask and answer simple questions about daily routines.
Recognize letters, numbers, familiar names and basic phrases in most common every day situations.

These are topics you need to study at A1 Level according to Exam English:

Adjectives: common and demonstrative
Adverbs of frequency
Comparatives and superlatives
Going to
How much/how many and very
common uncountable nouns
I’d like
Imperatives (+/-)
Intensifiers – very basic
Modals: can/can’t/could/couldn’t
Past simple of “to be”
Past Simple
Possessive adjectives
Possessive s
Prepositions, common
Prepositions of place
Prepositions of time, including in/on/at
Present continuous
Present simple
Pronouns: simple, personal
Questions
There is/are
To be, including question+negatives
Verb + ing: like/hate/love

Elementary (A2)

At this level you will learn how to:

Deal with simple information
Express your opinion about familiar contexts (daily routines, life experiences and predictable topics)
Understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment.
Describe in basic terms people, things, places, and feelings.
Talk about plans, decisions, arrangements, and promises.
Give advice and talk about rules and obligations.

These are topics you need to study at A2 Level according to Exam English:

Adjectives – comparative, – use of than and definite article
Adjectives – superlative – use of definite article
Adverbial phrases of time, place and frequency – including word order
Adverbs of frequency
Articles – with countable and uncountable nouns
Countables and Uncountables: much/many
Gerunds
Going to
Imperatives
Modals – can/could
Modals – have to
Modals – should

Past continuous
Past simple
Phrasal verbs – common
Possessives – use of ‘s, s’
Prepositional phrases (place, time and movement)
Prepositions of time: on/in/at
Present continuous
Present continuous for future
Present perfect
How Questions
Verb + ing/infinitive: like/
want-would like
Wh-questions in past
Will / won’t
Zero and 1st conditional

In order to pass the KET test you need to master the grammar topics for A1 and A2

If you pass the KET test it means that you can:

Understand and use basic phrases and expressions
Understand simple written English
Introduce yourself and answer basic questions about yourself
Interact with English speakers at a basic level

If you can do all these things it is because you have developed your skills to use English to communicate in simple situations

Intermediate (B1)

At this level you will learn how to:

Express yourself with clarity about familiar situations and deal with non-routine information.
Understand the main points of conversations related to familiar situations encountered in work, school, leisure, etc.
Deal with most situations while traveling in a place where English is spoken
Write about simple topics that are familiar or of personal interest
Describe experiences and events in the past, dreams, hopes, ambitions, regret, and hypothetical situations
Give reasons and explanations about your opinion

These are topics you need to study at B1 Level according to Exam English

Adverbs
Both, either, neither
Broader range of intensifiers; So, such, too, enough
Comparatives and superlatives
Question tags
Conditionals, 2nd and 3rd
Connecting words expressing
cause and effect, contrast etc.
Embedded questions
Future continuous/ Future Perfect
Modals – must/can’t deduction
Modals – might, may, will, probably
Modals – should have/might have/etc
Modals: must/have to
Past continuous
Past perfect
Past simple
Past tense responses
Phrasal verbs, extended
Prepositions of place
Present perfect continuous
Present perfect/past simple
Reported speech (range of tenses)
Simple passive
Wh- questions in the past
Will and going to, for prediction

Practice time

Click HERE to do some grammar practice for the PET exam

In order to pass the PET test you need to master the grammar topics for A1, A2 and B1.

If you pass the B1 Preliminary (PET) test it means that you can:

Comprehend information in textbooks and articles in English
Write letters and emails on everyday subjects
Take meeting notes
Show awareness of opinions and mood in spoken and written English

If you can do all of these things it is because you have mastered the basics of English and now have practical language skills for everyday use.

High-Intermediate (B2)

At this level you will learn how to:

Find and analyze the main ideas of complex texts on concrete or abstract topics, including some technical discussions.
Express yourself fluently and spontaneously enough to comfortably communicate with other English speakers.
Communicate orally and in written form clearly on many subjects and explain a complex viewpoint on a topic, including expressing advantages and disadvantages.

These are topics you need to study at B1 Level according to Exam English

Adjectives and adverbs
Future continuous
Future perfect
Future perfect continuous
Mixed conditionals
Modals – can’t have, needn’t have
Modals of deduction and speculation
Narrative tenses
Passives

Past perfect
Past perfect continuous
Phrasal verbs, extended
Relative clauses
Reported speech
Will and going to, for prediction
Wish
Would expressing habits, in the past

In order to pass the FCE test you need to master the grammar topics for A1, A2, B1 and B2.

If you pass the B2 First Certificate (FCE) test it means that you can:

Write short reports and emails
Explain an idea or have a detailed discussion in English
Understand general English on TV and in newspapers.

If you can do all of these things it is because you can understand the main ideas of complex texts and conversation, and you can express your opinion with some fluency on a wide range of topics.

Talking about similarities and differences

1️⃣ Comparatives

Showing Differences

2️⃣ Non-Equatives

Showing That Two Things Are Not the Same

3️⃣ Equatives

Showing That Two Things Are the Same

🧠 Grammar Focus

Let’s practice

Speaking

🍎 Countable and Uncountable Nouns

☕ A / Some / Any

🍚 How much…? / How many…?

🍓 Talking about Quantity

💬 Practice Time!

Speaking

🧩 What Are Irregular Verbs?

⚙️ Form and Structure

💡 Common Irregular Verbs

⏰ Time Expressions for the Past Simple

🚫 Common Mistakes

Let’s Practice

Card game

Introduction

🧩 Grammar Overview

⚙️ Form and Structure

✅ Present Simple

✅ Present Continuous

⏰ Time Expressions

💬 Comparing the Two Tenses

Let’s Practice

Speaking

CHALLENGE

Writing

🔁 1. Adverbs of Frequency

🧩 Common Adverbs:

⚙️ Word Order — Adverbs of Frequency

🕰️ 2. Time Expressions

💬 Examples:

📏 Word Order — Time Expressions

🅰️ At the end of the sentence (most common)

🅱️ At the beginning of the sentence (for emphasis)

Let’s Practice!

Speaking

🧱 Sentence vs Question

💡 Why Word Order Is Important

🧩 Basic Question Structure

🔹 With “do/does”

🔹 With “be”

🗣️ Common Question Words

⚙️ Word Order Summary

✅ Yes / No Questions – Verb Be

✅ Question Word + Verb Be

✅ Yes / No Questions – Other Verbs

✅ Question Word + Other Verbs

Let’s Practice!

Quiz

Speaking

1. Present Simple

2. Present Continuous

3. Past Simple

4. Past Continuous

5. Future with will

6. Future with going to

7. Present Perfect

🔹 With for and since

🔹 With just (a very recent action)

🔹 With already (something happened earlier than expected)

🔹 With yet (in negative sentences and questions)

📊 Summary Table

Let’s practice!

Speaking

🔑 What is the First Conditional?

🧩 Grammar Structure

💡 When do we use it?

🗣 More Examples

Practice Time

Speaking Practice

Card game

Open the box