If you’re learning English, it’s important to know how to talk about things that will happen in the future. We use special words and phrases to talk about future events or situations, like “when,” “in case,” “unless,” “as soon as,” “before,” and “after.”
Here you can find some tables that explain these words and phrases, and give examples of how to use them. If you speak Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, Russian, Ukrainian, or Japanese, the tables will help you learn how to use these words and phrases in English. When you know how to use them, you can talk about future things more easily in conversations and writing in English.
🇨🇦 English
Explanation
Grammar patterns
Examples
Future time clauses are used to talk about future events or situations that depend on a condition or action. The most common future time clause conjunctions in English are when, in case, unless, as soon as, before, after.
when + present simple, in case + present simple, unless + present simple, as soon as + present simple, before + present simple, after + simple present
When I see him, I will give him the message.
In case she is late, we will start without her.
Unless it rains, we will have a picnic.
As soon as he arrives, we will leave.
Before you go, can you help me?
I’ll go shopping after I finish my homework.
When + subject + present simple, subject + will + base form of the verb This structure is used to talk about a future event that will happen once another event is completed. For example:
When I finish my work, I will go for a run.
Before + subject + present simple, subject + will + base form of the verb This structure is used to talk about an event that will happen in the future before another event takes place. For example:
Before I leave for vacation, I will finish all my pending work.
After + subject + simple present, subject + will + base form of the verb This structure is used to talk about an event that will happen in the future after another event is completed. For example:
After I finish my studies, I will start looking for a job.
If + subject + present simple, subject + will + base form of the verb This structure is used to talk about a future event that is dependent on a certain condition. For example:
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay indoors and watch movies all day.
Unless + subject + present simple, subject + will + base form of the verb This structure is used to talk about a future event that will only happen if a certain condition is not met. For example:
Unless I get a good night’s sleep, I will not be able to focus on my exam tomorrow.
🇪🇸 Spanish
Explicación
Patrones gramaticales
Ejemplos
Las cláusulas de tiempo futuro se utilizan para hablar de eventos o situaciones futuras que dependen de una condición o acción. Las conjunciones más comunes en español son cuando, en caso de que, a menos que, tan pronto como, antes de, después de.
cuando + presente simple, en caso de que + presente simple, a menos que + presente simple, tan pronto como + presente simple, antes de + presente simple, después de + presente simple
Cuando lo vea, le daré el mensaje.
En caso de que llegue tarde, empezaremos sin ella.
A menos que llueva, haremos un picnic.
Tan pronto como llegue, nos iremos.
Antes de irte, ¿puedes ayudarme?
Después de terminar su tarea, voy a ir de compras.
Cuando + futuro simple This structure is used to express an action that will take place in the future. It is formed by using the word “cuando” (when) followed by the future tense. For example:
Cuando tenga tiempo, iré al cine. (When I have time, I will go to the movies.)
Antes de que + subjuntivo This structure is used to express an action that will take place before another future action. It is formed by using the phrase “antes de que” (before) followed by the subjunctive. For example:
Antes de que lleguen mis padres, tengo que hacer la cena. (Before my parents arrive, I have to make dinner.)
Después de que + subjuntivo This structure is used to express an action that will take place after another future action. It is formed by using the phrase “después de que” (after) followed by the subjunctive. For example:
Después de que termine la reunión, iremos a tomar un café. (After the meeting ends, we will go for coffee.)
En caso de que + subjuntivo This structure is used to express a possible future action depending on a certain condition. It is formed by using the phrase “en caso de que” (in case) followed by the subjunctive. For example:
En caso de que llueva, lleva un paraguas. (In case it rains, bring an umbrella.)
Si + presente simple, futuro simple This structure is used to express a future action that will happen if a certain condition is met. It is formed by using the word “si” (if) followed by the present tense and then the future tense. For example:
Si estudio, aprobaré el examen. (If I study, I will pass the exam.)
Cuando + presente simple, futuro próximo This structure is used to express a future action that will happen as soon as another action is completed. It is formed by using the word “cuando” (when) followed by the present tense and then the near future tense. For example:
Cuando termine de trabajar, me iré a casa. (When I finish work, I will go home.)
🇵🇹 Portuguese
Explicação
Padrões Gramaticais
Exemplos
As orações de tempo futuro são usadas para falar sobre eventos ou situações futuras que dependem de uma condição ou ação. As conjunções mais comuns para formar essas orações em inglês são: quando, no caso de, a menos que, assim que, antes e depois.
quando + presente simples, no caso de + presente simples, a menos que + presente simples, assim que + presente simples, antes + presente simples, depois + presente simples
Quando eu o vir, entregarei a mensagem.
No caso de ela se atrasar, começaremos sem ela.
A menos que chova, faremos um piquenique.
Assim que ele chegar, sairemos.
Antes de você ir, pode me ajudar?
Eu irei às compras depois que terminar minha lição de casa.
Quando + futuro do presente This structure is used to express an action that will take place in the future. It is formed by using the word “quando” (when) followed by the future tense of the verb. For example:
Quando eu terminar o trabalho, vou para casa. (When I finish work, I will go home.)
Antes de + infinitive This structure is used to express an action that will take place before another future action. It is formed by using the phrase “antes de” (before) followed by the infinitive. For example:
Antes de sair, eu preciso terminar essa tarefa. (Before leaving, I need to finish this task.)
Depois de + infinitive This structure is used to express an action that will take place after another future action. It is formed by using the phrase “depois de” (after) followed by the infinitive. For example:
Depois de comer, vamos assistir a um filme. (After eating, we will watch a movie.)
Caso + presente do subjuntivo/futuro do presente This structure is used to express a possible future action depending on a certain condition. It is formed by using the word “caso” (in case) followed by the present subjunctive or future tense. For example:
Caso chova, eu vou levar um guarda-chuva. (In case it rains, I will bring an umbrella.)
Se + presente do indicativo/futuro do presente This structure is used to express a future action that will happen if a certain condition is met. It is formed by using the word “se” (if) followed by the present tense or future tense. For example:
Se eu estudar, eu vou passar no exame. (If I study, I will pass the exam.)
Assim que + futuro do presente This structure is used to express a future action that will happen as soon as another action is completed. It is formed by using the phrase “assim que” (as soon as) followed by the future tense. For example:
Assim que eu chegar em casa, vou tomar banho. (As soon as I arrive home, I will take a shower.)
当…的时候, 将会/会 + verb This structure is used to express an action that will take place in the future. It is formed by using the word “当” (when) followed by a time clause and then the phrase “将会/会” (will) and a verb. For example:
当我毕业的时候，我将会去旅行。(When I graduate, I will travel.)
在…之前/之后, 将会/会 + verb This structure is used to express an action that will take place before or after another future action. It is formed by using the phrase “在…之前/之后” (before/after) followed by the phrase “将会/会” (will) and a verb. For example:
在我完成作业之前，我会先去做运动。(Before I finish my homework, I will do some exercise.)
如果…的话, 将会/会 + verb This structure is used to express a possible future action depending on a certain condition. It is formed by using the word “如果” (if) followed by a condition and then the phrase “将会/会” (will) and a verb. For example:
如果明天下雨的话，我们会呆在家里。(If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.)
一旦…就, 就会 + verb This structure is used to express a future action that will happen as soon as another action is completed. It is formed by using the phrase “一旦…就” (as soon as) followed by the phrase “就会” (will) and a verb. For example:
一旦我回家，我就会打电话给你。(As soon as I get home, I will call you.)
在…的情况下, 将会/会 + verb This structure is used to express a future action that will happen under certain conditions. It is formed by using the phrase “在…的情况下” (under the circumstances of) followed by the phrase “将会/会” (will) and a verb. For example:
在我身体不舒服的情况下，我会呆在家里休息。(Under the circumstances of my feeling unwell, I will stay at home to rest.)
等…以后, 将会/会 + verb This structure is used to express a future action that will happen after another action. It is formed by using the word “等” (wait) followed by a time clause and then the phrase “将会/会” (will) and a verb. For example:
等我买完菜以后，我们就可以开始做饭了。(After I finish buying groceries, we can start cooking.)
🇷🇺 Russian
Explanation
Grammar patterns
Examples
Предложения времени будущего используются для описания будущих событий или ситуаций, которые зависят от условий или действий. В русском языке наиболее распространенными союзами будущего времени являются когда, в случае если, если не, как только, до того как, после того как.
когда + настоящее простое время, в случае если + настоящее простое время, если не + настоящее простое время, как только + настоящее простое время, до того как + настоящее простое время, после того как + прошедшее простое время
Когда я увижу его, я передам ему сообщение.
В случае, если она опоздает, мы начнем без нее.
Если не пойдет дождь, мы устроим пикник.
Как только он приедет, мы уйдем.
До того, как ты уйдешь, ты можешь мне помочь?
Я пойду по магазинам, когда закончу домашнюю работу.
Когда + future tense verb This structure is used to express an action that will take place in the future. It is formed by using the word “когда” (when) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
Когда я вырасту, я стану врачом. (When I grow up, I will become a doctor.)
Перед тем как + future tense verb This structure is used to express an action that will take place before another future action. It is formed by using the phrase “перед тем как” (before) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
Перед тем как я выйду на работу, я выпью кофе. (Before I go to work, I will drink coffee.)
Если + future tense verb This structure is used to express a possible future action depending on a certain condition. It is formed by using the word “если” (if) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
Если будет хорошая погода, мы пойдем на прогулку. (If the weather is good, we will go for a walk.)
Как только + future tense verb This structure is used to express a future action that will happen as soon as another action is completed. It is formed by using the phrase “как только” (as soon as) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
Как только я закончу работу, я поеду домой. (As soon as I finish work, I will go home.)
При условии, что + future tense verb This structure is used to express a future action that will happen under certain conditions. It is formed by using the phrase “при условии, что” (provided that) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
При условии, что я закончу свою работу вовремя, я поеду в отпуск. (Provided that I finish my work on time, I will go on vacation.)
После того как + future tense verb This structure is used to express a future action that will happen after another action. It is formed by using the phrase “после того как” (after) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
После того как я закончу уборку, я посмотрю фильм. (After I finish cleaning, I will watch a movie.)
🇺🇦 Ukrainian
Explanation
Grammar patterns
Examples
Майбутні часові залежні речення використовуються для опису майбутніх подій або ситуацій, які залежать від умов або дій. Українською мовою найбільш поширеними сполучниками майбутнього часу є коли, у випадку якщо, якщо не, як тільки, перед тим як, після того як.
коли + теперішній простий час, у випадку якщо + теперішній простий час, якщо не + теперішній простий час, як тільки + теперішній простий час, перед тим як + теперішній простий час, після того як + теперішній простий час
Коли я побачу його, я передам йому повідомлення.
У випадку, якщо вона запізнилася, ми почнемо без неї.
Якщо не піде дощ, ми проведемо пікнік.
Як тільки він приїде, ми підемо.
Перед тим, як ти підеш, ти можеш мені допомогти?
Я піду на покупки після того, як закінчу домашнє завдання.
Коли + future tense verb This structure is used to express an action that will take place in the future. It is formed by using the word “коли” (when) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
Коли я закінчу цю роботу, я піду додому. (When I finish this work, I will go home.)
Перед тим як + future tense verb This structure is used to express an action that will take place before another future action. It is formed by using the phrase “перед тим як” (before) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
Перед тим як я піду спати, я прочитаю книгу. (Before I go to bed, I will read a book.)
Якщо + future tense verb This structure is used to express a possible future action depending on a certain condition. It is formed by using the word “якщо” (if) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
Якщо буде гарна погода, ми підемо на прогулянку. (If the weather is good, we will go for a walk.)
Як тільки + future tense verb This structure is used to express a future action that will happen as soon as another action is completed. It is formed by using the phrase “як тільки” (as soon as) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
Як тільки я закінчу цю роботу, я зможу відпочити. (As soon as I finish this work, I will be able to rest.)
За умови, що + future tense verb This structure is used to express a future action that will happen under certain conditions. It is formed by using the phrase “за умови, що” (provided that) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
За умови, що я закінчу цю роботу вчасно, я поїду в відпустку. (Provided that I finish this work on time, I will go on vacation.)
Після того як + future tense verb This structure is used to express a future action that will happen after another action. It is formed by using the phrase “після того як” (after) followed by a future tense verb. For example:
Після того як я закінчу свої справи, я зможу піти на прогулянку. (After I finish my tasks, I will be able to go for a walk.)
🇹🇷 Turkish
Explanation
Grammar patterns
Examples
Gelecekteki zaman bağımlı cümleler, belirli bir şartın veya eylemin sonucuna bağlı olarak gelecekteki olayları veya durumları açıklamak için kullanılır. Türkçede, en yaygın kullanılan gelecek zaman bağlaçları “olduğunda”, “şartıyla”, “olmadıkça”, “hemen sonra”, “önce” ve “sonra” şeklindedir.
olduğunda + şimdiki zaman, şartıyla + şimdiki zaman, olmadıkça + şimdiki zaman, hemen sonra + şimdiki zaman, önce + şimdiki zaman, sonra + şimdiki zaman,
O geldiğinde, ona haber vereceğim.
Eğer geç kalırsa, biz başlayacağız.
Olmadıkça yağmur yağmazsa, piknik yapacağız.
Hemen gelince, gitmeye hazırlanın.
Sen gitmeden önce, bana yardım edebilir misin?
Ev ödevimi bitirdikten sonra alışverişe gideceğim.
dığı zaman / -dığı anda + gelecek zaman (future tense) This structure is used to express an action that will happen in the future when another action is completed. It is formed by using the noun or verb stem of the first action followed by the conjunction -dığı zaman or -dığı anda, and then the verb in the future tense. For example:
Film bittikten sonra hemen eve gideceğim. (I will go home right after the movie ends.)
-meden önce / -meden evvel + gelecek zaman (future tense) This structure is used to express an action that will happen in the future before another action takes place. It is formed by using the verb stem of the first action followed by the conjunction -meden önce or -meden evvel, and then the verb in the future tense. For example:
Ödevimi bitirmeden önce arkadaşlarımla dışarı çıkmam. (I won’t go out with my friends before finishing my homework.)
-dıktan sonra / -dıktan sonra + geçmiş zaman (past tense) This structure is used to express an action that will happen in the future after another action is completed. It is formed by using the verb stem of the first action followed by the conjunction -dıktan sonra or -dıktan sonra, and then the verb in the past tense. For example:
Yemek yedikten sonra kitap okudum. (After I ate dinner, I read a book.)
-ecek olursam / -acak olursam + (gelecek zaman / -abilirim conditional) This structure is used to express a future action that depends on a condition. It is formed by using the verb in the future tense or -abilirim conditional, followed by the expression -ecek olursam or -acak olursam. For example:
Yarın işe gitmek zorunda kalırsam, erken kalkacağım. (If I have to go to work tomorrow, I will wake up early.)
-madıkça / -medikçe + gelecek zaman (future tense) This structure is used to express an action that will not happen until another action is completed. It is formed by using the verb stem of the first action followed by -madıkça or -medikçe, and then the verb in the future tense. For example:
Evde temizlik yapmadıkça, arkadaşlarımı davet edemem. (I won’t be able to invite my friends until I clean the house.)
In Japanese, future time clauses are used to express events or actions that will happen in the future. There are several different structures you can use to form future time clauses, which I will explain below.
〜するとすぐに + 未来形 (future tense) This structure is used to describe an immediate future event or action. It’s formed by adding the phrase “するとすぐに” (suru to sugu ni, meaning “as soon as (something) happens”) to the 未来形 (mirai kei, future tense) of the verb. For example:
明日、学校に行くとすぐに友達に会います。 (Ashita, gakkou ni iku to sugu ni tomodachi ni aimasu.) (As soon as I go to school tomorrow, I’ll meet my friends.)
〜前に + 未来形 (future tense) This structure is used to describe an action that will happen before another future event. It’s formed by adding the phrase “前に” (mae ni, meaning “before”) to the 未来形 (mirai kei) of the verb. For example:
映画を見る前に、食事をしましょう。 (Eiga wo miru mae ni, shokuji wo shimashou.) (Let’s eat before we watch the movie.)
〜後に + 過去形 (past tense) This structure is used to describe an action that will happen after another future event. It’s formed by adding the phrase “後に” (ato ni, meaning “after”) to the 過去形 (kako kei, past tense) of the verb. For example:
明日の会議が終わった後に、休みが始まります。 (Ashita no kaigi ga owatta ato ni, yasumi ga hajimarimasu.) (After tomorrow’s meeting is over, the vacation will begin.)
〜場合は + 未来形 (future tense) This structure is used to describe a possible future event or action, depending on certain conditions. It’s formed by adding the phrase “場合は” (baai wa, meaning “if (something) happens”) to the 未来形 (mirai kei) of the verb. For example:
雨が降った場合は、家にいるつもりです。 (Ame ga futta baai wa, ie ni iru tsumori desu.) (If it rains, I plan to stay home.)
〜なければ + 未来形 (future tense) This structure is used to describe an action that will happen in the future if something else does not happen. It’s formed by adding the phrase “なければ” (nakereba, meaning “if (something) doesn’t happen”) to the 未来形 (mirai kei) of the verb. For example:
宿題をやらなければ、テストに合格できません。 (Shukudai wo yaranakereba, tesuto ni goukaku dekimasen.) (If I don’t do my homework, I won’t pass the test.)
〜とき + 未来形 (future tense) This structure is used to describe an action that will happen in the
* These tables were created using AI. If you find any mistakes, please let me know.
Teacher Julieta 